A group of researchers from the University of New South Wales (UNSW) in Australia has made a significant breakthrough in studying the degradation processes and natural recovery of silicon solar cells. Their work has allowed for a detailed investigation into how ultraviolet radiation affects the structure of the panels, as well as revealing how ordinary sunlight contributes to their self-healing at the atomic level.
This is reported by Finway
Unique Laser Research Method
The scientists have for the first time utilized a cutting-edge method of ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy to observe changes in the structure of silicon cells in real-time. This technology enables the analysis of the molecular vibrations of the material without damaging the panel, allowing for the detection of not only the loss of electrical power but also the chemical changes at a deep level.
“With this method, we can see not only the initial electrical power but also the direct chemical changes inside the working cell at a microscopic level,” explain the researchers.
During the experiment, it was established that under the influence of UV rays, chemical bonds between hydrogen, silicon, and boron atoms on the surface of the cells are broken, leading to a decrease in the efficiency of the panels. However, when the cells are exposed to visible light, the hydrogen atoms return to the surface, and the broken bonds are restored, returning the material to its original structure.
Significance of the Discovery for the Renewable Energy Sector
The results obtained allow for a reevaluation of the lifespan of solar panels. Previously, accelerated aging tests provided overly pessimistic forecasts, as they did not account for the material’s ability to regenerate. The new approach enables the differentiation between temporary and irreversible damage and allows for more accurate predictions of the longevity of solar systems. Dr. Ziheng Liu notes that the developed method for determining sensitivity to ultraviolet light takes only a few seconds, making it ideal for application on production lines. This allows manufacturers to check quality and test new materials even before assembling complete solar modules.
The publication of the results in the journal Energy & Environmental Science opens up new possibilities for creating more reliable and durable solar power plants. Understanding the mechanisms of damage and self-healing will help engineers develop innovative systems that make the most efficient use of the natural cycles of materials, enhancing the efficiency and stability of renewable energy worldwide.