In November 2025, the volumes of Russian gas supplies to Europe via the “Turkish Stream” pipeline, which remains the only route for exports to this region, increased by 9.3% compared to the same period last year, reaching 54.3 million cubic meters per day. Compared to October, the export volume remained stable. In total, for November, the Russian Federation transported 1.63 billion cubic meters of gas to Europe via Turkey.
This is reported by Finway
Trends in Russian Gas and Oil Exports
Experts predict that in 2025, “Gazprom” may supply about 18 billion cubic meters of gas to Europe, which is 44% less than the previous year. The main reason is the cessation of transit through Ukraine. At the same time, in 2025, Russia has already increased gas exports to Europe via the Turkish Stream by 7.2%, to 16.3 billion cubic meters. For comparison, from January to November 2024, Russian gas supplies to Europe, including transit volumes through Ukraine, amounted to 29.2 billion cubic meters, and the total for the year was approximately 32 billion cubic meters. At the peak of supplies in 2018-2019, annual gas exports to Europe reached 175-180 billion cubic meters.
Increase in Oil Supplies to China and India’s Return to the Market
At the same time, in October 2025, Russia increased oil exports to China—the largest buyer of Russian energy resources—by 11% compared to September. The supply volumes reached 9.11 million tons, and the export value is estimated at 4.38 billion USD. October’s import of Russian oil by China was the highest for the month in 2025. As of the end of ten months in 2025, Russia remains the main supplier of oil to China—83.15 million tons, which is 8.1% less than last year. Following in the list are Saudi Arabia (66.6 million tons, +1.9%), Malaysia (56.03 million tons, -1.3%), Iraq (54.33 million tons, +2.5%), and Brazil (36.8 million tons, +2.5%).
India has also ramped up its purchases of Russian oil. State-owned oil refining companies Indian Oil Corp. and Bharat Petroleum Corp. have purchased Russian oil for delivery in January 2026 amid falling prices and large volumes from suppliers not subject to Western sanctions.
“The agreement concerns unspecified volumes of supplies with a discount of about $5 per barrel (last month the discount was $3). Experts predict that the total volume of purchases by India is unlikely to exceed 600,000 barrels per day. At the same time, half of the volume will go to the sanctioned refinery Nayara Energy Ltd., which is partially owned by ‘Rosneft’.”
Thus, Russia continues to seek new markets for its energy resources, employing a flexible pricing policy and discounts for key partners, including China and India.