The Chinese space program has conducted its fourth launch of the reusable experimental spacecraft known as Shenlong (“Divine Dragon”). The launch took place on February 7 from the Jiuquan launch site using a Long March-2F rocket. As with previous missions, details regarding the objectives and specifications of the craft remain classified, and official information is very limited.
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Shenlong: A Potential Competitor to the X-37B
Official Chinese media briefly reported on a “technological verification of reusable spacecraft for the peaceful use of space.” Meanwhile, Western experts are closely analyzing the Shenlong program, viewing it as a potential competitor to the American orbital vehicle X-37B, which has strategic military significance.
The first flight of Shenlong occurred in September 2020 and lasted two days. In subsequent missions, the flight duration significantly increased — the second and third flights lasted 276 and 268 days respectively. During each mission, an unknown object appeared in orbit, with which Shenlong performed close-approach maneuvers. Western specialists believe this may indicate tests of refueling or satellite repair technologies in space.
Military Potential and Secrecy of the Program
During the third mission, signals were detected being transmitted over North America, raising speculation about the possible use of Shenlong as a platform for electronic reconnaissance. This reinforces experts’ views that, in addition to its civilian purpose, the program has an important military component.
China has yet to release any images of the craft. Experts estimate that Shenlong may be comparable in size and capabilities to the X-37B.
The development of reusable space systems is viewed in China as a strategic direction that will reduce launch costs, increase their frequency, and strengthen the country’s position in the global space rivalry.