Ukrainian citizens are an important segment of the Polish labor market, especially in sectors where there is a shortage of labor among the local population. Primarily, Ukrainians hold positions in construction, industry, transportation, services, catering, and elderly care. These sectors remain key for labor migration from Ukraine to Poland.
This is reported by Finway
Legal Conditions for Stay and Changes in Legislation
After the adoption of the Law on Assistance to Ukrainian Citizens in 2022, Ukrainians gained the opportunity to work legally in Poland without the need for special work permits. For official residence and employment, it is sufficient to obtain a PESEL number. However, in the following years, the special law has undergone numerous changes. In particular, social benefits, such as the 800+ program, were tied to the fact of official employment. From January 1, 2026, applying for a PESEL will require personal presence at a Polish government office.
The Impact of Ukrainian Workers on the Polish Economy
Statistics from the Polish Social Insurance Institution (ZUS) indicate that by the end of 2024, there were 1.19 million foreigners registered in the country, with the largest share being Ukrainian citizens. According to a report from the National Economy Bank (BGK) in March 2025, Ukrainians make up approximately 5% of all workers in Poland and contributed between 0.5% and 2.4% to GDP growth over the past decade.
Experts emphasize the need for timely and transparent implementation of any changes in the rules for the stay and employment of foreigners.
“A mass exodus of Ukrainian workers in the event of abrupt legislative changes could negatively impact Poland’s economic potential,” says Rogovetsky.